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Dark Energy Survey Year 3 results $w$CDM cosmology from simulation-based inference with persistent homology on the sphere

J Prat, M Gatti, C Doux, P Pranav, C Chang… - arXiv preprint arXiv …, 2025 - arxiv.org
Astrophysics paper astro-ph.CO Suggest

… 2 we present the simulation-based inference framework; in Sec. 3 we summarize the weak gravitational lensing theory relevant for this work; in Sec. 4 we describe our data …

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@article{2506.13439v1,
Author        = {J. Prat and M. Gatti and C. Doux and P. Pranav and C. Chang and N. Jeffrey and L. Whiteway and D. Anbajagane and S. Sugiyama and A. Thomsen and A. Alarcon and A. Amon and K. Bechtol and G. M. Bernstein and A. Campos and R. Chen and A. Choi and C. Davis and J. DeRose and S. Dodelson and K. Eckert and J. Elvin-Poole and S. Everett and A. Ferté and D. Gruen and E. M. Huff and I. Harrison and K. Herner and M. Jarvis and N. Kuropatkin and P. -F. Leget and N. MacCrann and J. McCullough and J. Myles and A. Navarro-Alsina and S. Pandey and M. Raveri and R. P. Rollins and A. Roodman and C. Sánchez and L. F. Secco and E. Sheldon and T. Shin and M. A. Troxel and I. Tutusaus and T. N. Varga and B. Yanny and B. Yin and Y. Zhang and J. Zuntz and T. M. C. Abbott and M. Aguena and S. Allam and F. Andrade-Oliveira and J. Blazek and S. Bocquet and D. Brooks and J. Carretero and A. Carnero Rosell and R. Cawthon and J. De Vicente and S. Desai and M. E. da Silva Pereira and H. T. Diehl and B. Flaugher and J. Frieman and J. García-Bellido and R. A. Gruendl and G. Gutierrez and S. R. Hinton and D. L. Hollowood and K. Honscheid and D. J. James and K. Kuehn and L. N. da Costa and O. Lahav and S. Lee and J. L. Marshall and J. Mena-Fernández and R. Miquel and J. J. Mohr and R. L. C. Ogando and A. A. Plazas Malagón and A. Porredon and S. Samuroff and E. Sanchez and B. Santiago and I. Sevilla-Noarbe and M. Smith and E. Suchyta and M. E. C. Swanson and D. Thomas and C. To and V. Vikram and A. R. Walker and N. Weaverdyck and J. Weller},
Title         = {Dark Energy Survey Year 3 results: $w$CDM cosmology from
  simulation-based inference with persistent homology on the sphere},
Eprint        = {2506.13439v1},
ArchivePrefix = {arXiv},
PrimaryClass  = {astro-ph.CO},
Abstract      = {We present cosmological constraints from Dark Energy Survey Year 3 (DES Y3)
weak lensing data using persistent homology, a topological data analysis
technique that tracks how features like clusters and voids evolve across
density thresholds. For the first time, we apply spherical persistent homology
to galaxy survey data through the algorithm TopoS2, which is optimized for
curved-sky analyses and HEALPix compatibility. Employing a simulation-based
inference framework with the Gower Street simulation suite, specifically
designed to mimic DES Y3 data properties, we extract topological summary
statistics from convergence maps across multiple smoothing scales and redshift
bins. After neural network compression of these statistics, we estimate the
likelihood function and validate our analysis against baryonic feedback
effects, finding minimal biases (under $0.3\sigma$) in the
$\Omega_\mathrm{m}-S_8$ plane. Assuming the $w$CDM model, our combined Betti
numbers and second moments analysis yields $S_8 = 0.821 \pm 0.018$ and
$\Omega_\mathrm{m} = 0.304\pm0.037$-constraints 70% tighter than those from
cosmic shear two-point statistics in the same parameter plane. Our results
demonstrate that topological methods provide a powerful and robust framework
for extracting cosmological information, with our spherical methodology readily
applicable to upcoming Stage IV wide-field galaxy surveys.},
Year          = {2025},
Month         = {Jun},
Url           = {http://arxiv.org/abs/2506.13439v1},
File          = {2506.13439v1.pdf}
}

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